The act of improving performance through trial and error. In a long term biological perspective this means that enormous amounts of species just disappear because they can not produce sustainable offspring. I guess that as biology matures on earth more species will have a strong ability for survival and adjustability to ever changing conditions, and fewer species will become extinct.

In a childs brain one can see something that may or might appear as an evolutionary process when the brain, through trial and error, figures the most effective and approprite connections between stimuli and respons, and wires the neurons accordingly.